One of the most important tools in your toolbox — both physically and in terms of your own experience and know-how — is a multimeter. Most people are leery of working with electricity, and for good reason: electricity can be dangerous when working on any appliance, and knowing when you’re doing something right or wrong can be tricky. Most appliances with electrical components go bad when some part of the circuit is no longer conducting electricity correctly, so being able to isolate the parts and test them will be a frequent part of your job. Here’s how:
How to Test Appliance Parts with Your Multimeter
The first step in any repair or troubleshooting job is to disconnect the appliance from the power source. This is true whether the device plugs into the wall or is hardwired into the house; in that circumstance, you’ll need to turn off the circuit breaker. This keeps both you and the customer safe, as well as the appliance and the house.
Then, you need to dismantle the appliance based on your best guess of the problem. If a microwave isn’t powering on, it could be the magnetron, or the transformer, but capacitors and diodes are the most likely components to break. WARNING: Working on a microwave can be dangerous and even life threatening, be sure you have been properly trained before attempting. If you’re working on an appliance that’s supposed to generate heat, isolate components from the heat circuit. Knowing which parts are more likely to break or cause any of the most common problems helps you save time and means you only need to dismantle the appliance far enough to give you access to the likely culprit.
Once you have the component out of the appliance, you’re ready to use the multi-meter. These devices test a lot of things, and the most common are continuity, voltage, and resistance:
When you’re testing components, always start with continuity. Both resistance and voltage tests rely on electricity passing through the part, and the multimeter won’t know the difference between a part with the wrong resistance and a part with no continuity. You have to have the continuity information as a baseline for reading your other results.
Most people aren’t familiar with how to use a multimeter or what to do with the results once they have them. Becoming familiar with the common tests, what the readouts should be on functioning parts, and how to use the results to take next steps are some of the most important parts of the job. Go to Fred’s Appliance Academy here to learn more about how to fix parts and start learning which parts to test first on different appliances.
Leave a Comment